THE SCENE: The fog of war strikes when Olivier accidentally smashes his sword into the head of his friend and leige Roland. Roland, however, is the living embodiment of medieval chivalry, and takes this assault with courtesy and understanding.
THE TEXT: Olivier, his vision so impaired by loss of blood that, whether near or far, he cannot see enough to recognize a living man. And so, when he encounters [Roland], he hits him on his jeweled golden casque and splits it wide apart from crown to nasal, but doesn’t cut into the head at all. On being struck so, Roland studies him, then asked him in a soft and gentle voice: “My lord companion, did you mean to do that? It’s Roland, who has been your friend for so long. You gave no sign that you had challenged me.” Olivier says: “Now I hear you speak. Since I can’t see you, God keep your soul in sight! I hit you, and I beg you to forgive me.” And Roland says: “I’ve not been hurt at all, and here before the Lord I pardon you.” And with these words, they bowed to one another. In friendship such as this you see them part.
– The Song of Roland, 12th Century AD
